The roles of critical pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the drive of cytokine storm during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

MS Qudus, M Tian, S Sirajuddin, S Liu… - Journal of Medical …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
In patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple
organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm …

[HTML][HTML] Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection: immune cells and mediators, prognostic factors, and immune-therapeutic implications

A Allegra, M Di Gioacchino, A Tonacci… - International journal of …, 2020 - mdpi.com
The present is a comprehensive review of the immunopathology of Covid-19. The immune
reaction to SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by differentiation and proliferation of a …

[HTML][HTML] The potential similarities of COVID-19 and autoimmune disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options: new insights approach

S Najafi, E Rajaei, R Moallemian, F Nokhostin - Clinical Rheumatology, 2020 - Springer
Cytokine pathways and their signaling disorders can be the cause of onset and
pathogenesis of many diseases such as autoimmune diseases and COVID-19 infection …

Understanding COVID-19 pandemic: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. An evidence-based review

R Hanna, S Dalvi, T Sălăgean, ID Pop… - Journal of …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Abstract Initially, the SARS-CoV-2 virus was considered as a pneumonia virus; however, a
series of peer reviewed medical papers published in the last eight months suggest that this …

COVID-19 and microvascular disease: pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection with focus on the renin-angiotensin system

DA Kasal, A De Lorenzo, E Tibirica - Heart, Lung and Circulation, 2020 - Elsevier
The recently described severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
infected millions of people, with thousands of fatalities. It has prompted global efforts in …

[HTML][HTML] Endothelial activation and dysfunction in COVID-19: from basic mechanisms to potential therapeutic approaches

Y Jin, W Ji, H Yang, S Chen, W Zhang… - Signal transduction and …, 2020 - nature.com
On 12 March 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a
pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of 4 August 2020, more than 18 million …

[PDF][PDF] Coronavirus-19 (SARS-CoV-2) induces acute severe lung inflammation via IL-1 causing cytokine storm in COVID-19: a promising inhibitory strategy

P Conti, A Caraffa, CE Gallenga, R Ross… - J Biol Regul Homeost …, 2020 - researchgate.net
SARS-Cov-2 infection causes local and systemic inflammation mediated by pro-
inflammatory cytokines and COX-2 eicosanoid products with metabolic dysfunction and …

[HTML][HTML] Immunoinflammatory, thrombohaemostatic, and cardiovascular mechanisms in COVID-19

S Gencer, M Lacy, D Atzler… - Thrombosis and …, 2020 - thieme-connect.com
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has deranged the recent
history of humankind, afflicting more than 27 million individuals to date. While the majority of …

The role of dysregulated immune responses in COVID-19 pathogenesis

S Tahaghoghi-Hajghorbani, P Zafari, E Masoumi… - Virus research, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) which caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is a pandemic threat to global …

[HTML][HTML] Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages

M Merad, JC Martin - Nature reviews immunology, 2020 - nature.com
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than
200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the …