The carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of terrestrial plant biomarkers, such as leaf waxes
and terpenoids, provides insights into past carbon cycling. The δ 13 C values of modern …

Leaf carbon isotope fractionation (Δ leaf) is sensitive to environmental conditions and can
provide insights into the state and evolution of leaf gas-exchange in response to climate and …

The stable carbon isotopes of fossil plants are a reflection of the atmosphere and
environment in which they grew. Fossil plant remains have thus stored information about the …

Studies focused on field measurements have been conducted to investigate how leaf wax n-
alkane δ 13 C values vary among photosynthetic pathways (C 3 vs. C 4) or plant types …

Seasonal changes in δ13C values for individual lipids from the leaves of several species of
tree have been studied in order to provide essential background information for use in future …

Carbon isotopic abundances have been measured for more than one hundred samples of
fossil plants ranging in age from middle Triassic to late Tertiary. Most of the plant fossils were …

Plants are direct recorders of the environmental conditions in which they were growing
through their carbon assimilation. Both δ 13 C leaf (measured C isotopic composition of the …

Atmospheric carbon dioxide is the raw material for the biosphere. Therefore, changes in the
carbon isotopic composition of the atmosphere will influence the terrestrial δ13C signals we …

Terrestrial plant biomarkers and their carbon isotopes provide insights into carbon cycling,
paleovegetation and paleoclimate, ranging in scale from local to global. Over the past …

Biological and geochemical CO2 proxies provide critical constraints on understanding the
role of atmospheric CO2 in driving climate change during Earth history. As no single existing …