Understanding the determinants of human health and disease is overwhelmingly complex,
particularly for common, late-onset, chronic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes …

The intent of this paper is to address the obesity epidemic, which is a term used to describe
the sudden and rapid increase in obesity rates that began in the 1980s and continues …

The prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases continues to rise, which has led to an
increased interest in studying adipose tissue to elucidate underlying disease mechanisms …

Obesity is currently one the largest epidemics in the industrialized world. It is also the nexus
on which numerous costly chronic diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, T2D …

Introduction thermogenesis. The latter, at least in rodents, involves The ability to assure
continuous availability of energy the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT; Lowell and …

The ability to ensure continous availability of energy despite highly variable supplies in the
environment is a major determinant of the survival of all species. In higher organisms …

The main parenchymal cells of the adipose organ are adipocytes. White adipocytes store
energy, whereas brown adipocytes dissipate energy for thermogenesis. These two cell types …

Obesity is defined medically as a state of increased body weight, more specifically adipose
tissue, of sufficient magnitude to produce adverse health consequences. There has been an …

White adipose tissue (WAT) is a major endocrine and secretory organ, which releases a
wide range of protein signals and factors termed adipokines. A number of adipokines …

Adipose tissue includes multiple anatomical depots that serve as an energy reserve that can
expand or contract to maintain metabolic homeostasis. During normal growth and in …