The activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is central to innate and adaptive immunity,,. All
TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 for signalling, but the mechanisms underlying the MyD88 …

The recognition of microbial components by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is an event central to
the activation of innate and adaptive immune systems. TLR activation triggers the induction …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in the recognition of microbial pathogens. A subset of
TLRs, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9, induces antiviral responses by producing interferon-α (IFN-α) …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation is central to immunity, wherein the activation of the TLR9
subfamily members TLR9 and TLR7 results in the robust induction of type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) by …

The type-I interferon (IFN-α/β) response is critical to immunity against viruses and can be
triggered in many cell types by cytosolic detection of viral infection, or in differentiated …

The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family has important roles in microbial recognition and dendritic
cell activation,. TLRs 7 and 9 can recognize nucleic acids,,, and trigger signalling cascades …

Signal transduction through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) originates from their intracellular
Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, which binds to MyD88, a common adaptor protein …

The recognition of microbial components by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates signal
transduction pathways, which trigger the expression of a series of target genes. It has been …

Abstract Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize conserved products of microbial
metabolism and activate NF-κB and other signaling pathways through the adapter protein …

Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize pathogen-associated molecular
patterns, and members of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family, share …