Islets of patients with type 2 diabetes display the typical features of an inflammatory process
characterized by the presence of cytokines, chemokines, immune cell infiltration, impaired …

Decreases in both mass and secretory function of insulin-producing β-cells contribute to the
pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. The histology of islets from patients with type 2 diabetes …

The term inflammation originates from the Latin, inflammatio, meaning 'setting on fire', and in
medicine it indicates the reaction of tissues to injuries induced by different causes …

Abstract Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a key regulator of the body's inflammatory response and is
produced after infection, injury, and an antigenic challenge. Cloned in 1984, the single …

Inflammation has been recognised to both decrease beta cell insulin secretion and increase
insulin resistance. Circulating cytokines can affect beta cell function directly leading to …

Since having been cloned in 1984, IL-1β has been the subject of over 22,000 citations in
Pubmed, among them over 800 reviews. This is because of its numerous effects. IL-1β is a …

In the past decade, islet inflammation has emerged as a contributor to the loss of functional β
cell mass in both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Evidence supports the idea that …

The association between the metabolic syndrome and a pathological activation of the innate
immune system is now well established. Thus, defective insulin secretion and action are …

Highlights•Mild islet inflammation is present in type 2 diabetes.•Potential triggers include
excess nutrients, islet amyloid and humoral factors.•Anti-inflammatory drugs are of modest …

Considerable efforts have been invested to understand the mechanisms by which pro-
inflammatory cytokines mediate the demise of β-cells in type 1 diabetes but much less …