Miniature thermoelectric cooler (TEC) has been considered as a promising device to
achieve effective cooling in microprocessors and other small-scale equipments. To …

The miniature thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is a promising device for microelectronics
applications with high cooling performance and short response time. In this paper, a …

This study conducts experimental investigation and numerical analysis for one-stage
thermoelectric cooler (TEC) considering Thomson effect. Three Seebeck coefficient models …

Owing to the advantages of small size, stable operational performance, and precise control
of temperature, the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) has been widely applied to electronics …

The present study aims to investigate the performance of a one-stage thermoelectric cooler
using mathematical and thermodynamic modeling and proposing a new correlation for …

A novel operating mode of thermoelectric module (TEM, cooling, heating, generation) is
established for electronic devices cooling, based on the method of effectiveness-number of …

This paper proposed a new split structure of thermoelectric cooler to reduce the cold side
temperature compared with the traditional thermoelectric cooler. A three-dimensional heat …

The temperature distribution of a thermoelectric cooler under the influence of the Thomson
effect, the Joule heating, the Fourier's heat conduction, and the radiation and convection …

Dynamic characteristics are extremely important for design and operation of thermoelectric
coolers (TECs). This paper develops a three-dimensional transient TEC model based on the …

The formulation of the classical basic equations for a thermoelectric cooler from the
Thomson relations to the non-linear differential equation with Onsager's reciprocal relations …