Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder, associated with immunologic
abnormalities. During pregnancy, the maternal immune system uses different tolerance …

Background: Immune checkpoints are molecules that regulate the function of immune cells
and control inflammation processes. An important role in this regard is played by TIM-3/Gal …

Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe complication in pregnancy, and its symptoms (proteinuria and
hypertension) manifest after 20 weeks of gestation, affecting up to 8% of pregnancies. The …

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to two or more miscarriages before 20 weeks
gestation. Its prevalence is 1–2%; its pathogenesis remains unexplained in more than 50 …

Background Throughout the three trimesters of a typical pregnancy, we looked at changes in
the expression of miRNAs and exhausted T lymphocytes for this study. Methods and results …

Abstract Problem Immune checkpoints Tim‐3/Gal‐9 and PD‐1/PL‐1 are involved in the
maintenance of maternal‐fetal immune tolerance systematically and locally. This study …

Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by endothelial dysfunction, abnormal
placentation, systemic inflammation, and altered immune reaction. The aim of this study was …

Objective To compare the changing peripheral levels of immune checkpoint proteins T-cell
immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3)/galectin-9 (Gal-9), and programmed cell death-1 (PD …

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder of women in reproductive age,
which in some cases is caused by immunologic abnormalities. In this study, we aimed to …

The molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)
are not completely recognized. The present study aimed to assess the molecules associated …