In addition to its modular nature, a Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter (HMMC) assembled
from half-bridge and full-bridge sub-modules, is able to block DC faults with a minimum …

Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) are distinguished by their modular nature that makes
them suitable for wide range of high power and high voltage applications. However, they are …

The hybrid modular multilevel converter with cascaded full bridges (HMMC-CFB) is a
recently proposed dc fault tolerant converter topology for high-power applications. It has a …

Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) will be extensively used in the high-voltage direct-
current transmission networks because of its superior characteristics over line commutated …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is distinguished by its modularity that is the use of
standardized submodules (SMs). To enhance reliability and avoid unscheduled …

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is widely used in medium to high power applications.
One of the significant features that an MMC can provide is the fault tolerant operation, which …

With the capability of DC fault ride‐through and the reduced cost, the hybrid modular
multilevel converter (HMMC) is a promising topology for high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) …

Modularity and high reliability from redundancy are the two attractive advantages of modular
multilevel converters (MMCs). This paper elaborates a switch open-circuit fault diagnosis …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an emerging and highly attractive multilevel
converter topology for high-voltage and high-power applications. This paper proposes the …

Background Many faults occur in the modular multi-level converters (MMCs), including
unbalancing capacitor voltage, lower and upper arm unbalancing, the line to line voltage …