The process industry has always been faced with the challenging task of determining the
overall unavailability of safeguarding systems such as the safety instrumented systems …

Redundant safety systems are commonly used in the process industry to respond to
hazardous events. In redundant systems composed of identical units, Common Cause …

Safety instrumented systems (SISs) are commonly used in the process industry, to respond
to hazardous events. In line with the important standard IEC 61508, SISs are generally …

Abstract Common Cause Failures (CCFs) can compromise reliability performance of safety
related systems and hence configurations with identical redundant units receive special …

Safety-instrumented systems (SISs) play a vital role in preventing hazardous events in the
offshore facilities. Many of existing performance analysis of SISs are based on the constant …

Safety instrumented systems (SISs) are used in many application areas to reduce the
likelihood of hazardous events and/or to mitigate the consequences of such events. A typical …

Safety-instrumented systems (SISs) have been widely installed to lower risks of
equipment/process by performing the designed safety functions in cases of demands. Final …

A safety instrumented system (SIS) is extensively used to prevent or reduce risk. The
Probability of Failure to perform its intended functions on Demand (PFD) of a practical SIS …

The improvement of safety in the process industries is related to assessment and reduction
of risk in a cost-effective manner. This paper addresses the trade-off between risk and cost …

The reliability, availability and maintainability (RAM) modelling of safety equipment has long
been a topic of major concern. Some RAM models have focused on explicitly addressing the …