Soil water content (SWC) is a key factor in optimizing the usage of water resources in
agriculture since it provides information to make an accurate estimation of crop water …

This study reviews soil water balance (SWB) model approaches to determine crop irrigation
requirements and scheduling irrigation adopting the FAO56 method. The K c-ET o approach …

Soil moisture plays a critical role as an essential component of the global water resources by
regulating mass and energy exchange between land surface and atmosphere …

Irrigation water management using automated irrigation decision support system (IDSS) as a
smart irrigation scheduling tool can improve water use efficiency and crop production …

Water scarcity is the most obstacle faced by irrigation water requirements, likewise, limited
available meteorological data to calculate reference evapotranspiration. Consequently, the …

Maximizing crop production with minimal resources such as water and energy is the primary
focus of sustainable agriculture. Subsurface water retention technology (SWRT) is a stable …

The rise of the Internet of Things allowed higher spatial–temporal resolution soil moisture
data captured through in situ sensing. Such abundance of data enables machine learning …

Crop water footprint (WF) calculation via physical process-based crop or hydrological
models has basic requirements in terms of cost, time, and knowledge threshold. It is …

The root zone soil moisture (RZSM) is essential for monitoring and forecasting agricultural,
hydrological, and meteorological systems. Accordingly, researchers are determined to …

Advance knowledge of soil water content (SWC) in the soil wetting layer of crop irrigation
can help develop more reasonable irrigation plans and improve the efficiency of agricultural …