Research on spoken word production has been approached from two angles. In one
research tradition, the analysis of spontaneous or induced speech errors led to models that …

Most language behavior consists of speaking and listening. However, the recognition and
production of spoken words have not always been central topics in psycholinguistic …

A core operation in speech production is the preparation of words from a semantic base. The
theory of lexical access reviewed in this article covers a sequence of processing stages …

Recent investigations have supported the suggestion that phonological speech errors may
reflect the simultaneous activation of more than one phonemic representation. This presents …

The research described in this article had 2 aims: to permit greater precision in the conduct
of naming experiments and to contribute to a characterization of the motor execution stage of …

This study examines picture naming latencies for predicted effects of two word retrieval
factors: onset complexity and number of syllables. In Experiment 1, naming latency was …

Publisher Summary Language production is logically divided into three major steps:
deciding what to express (conceptualization), determining how to express it (formulation) …

The first, theoretical part of this paper sketches a framework for phonological encoding in
which the speaker successively generates phonological syllables in connected speech. The …

Phonotactic probability, neighborhood density, and onset density were manipulated in 4
picture-naming tasks. Experiment 1 showed that pictures of words with high phonotactic …

Producing a word to express a meaning requires the processes of lexical selection and
phonological encoding. We argue that lexical selection is influenced by contextual constraint …