Classical cognitive science assumes that intelligently behaving systems must be symbol
processors that are implemented in physical systems such as brains or digital computers. By …

A foundational principle of modern cognitive science is the physical symbol system
hypothesis, which states simply that human cognition is the product of a physical symbol …

Traditional approaches to modeling cognitive systems are computational, based on utilizing
the standard tools and concepts of the theory of computation. More recently, a number of …

It has been claimed that connectionist (artificial neural network) models of language
processing, which do not appear to employ “rules”, are doing something different in kind …

David Marr provided a useful framework for theorizing about cognition within classical, AI-
style cognitive science, in terms of three levels of description: the levels of (i) cognitive …

It is widely mooted that a plausible computational cognitive model should involve both
symbolic and connectionist components. However, sound principles for combining these …

Abstract Vera & Simon (1993a) have argued that the theories and methods known as
“situated action” or “situativity theory” are compatible with the assumptions and methodology …

One property that has been proposed as central to intelligence is the ability to construct and
manipulate symbol structures. If intelligence may be described completely in terms of symbol …

Two types of brain model are currently the center of a fundamental controversy in cognitive
science. Traditional artificial intelligence models are based on the discrete, programmable …

The conceptual frameworks that we bring to our study of cognition can have a tremendous
impact on the nature of that study. They provide a set of filters through which we view the …