There is an accumulating body of evidence that immunological mechanisms play a
prominent role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is characterized by …

Inflammation is central to pathogenic processes in diabetes mellitus and the metabolic
syndrome and particularly implicates innate immunity in the development of complications …

Mounting evidence suggests that immunological mechanisms play a fundamental role in the
pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Upregulation …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of both type-1 and type-2
diabetes. The recent success of treatments inhibiting the function of vascular endothelial …

Diabetes causes a number of metabolic and physiologic abnormalities in the retina, but
which of these abnormalities contribute to recognized features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Several
inflammatory cells and proteins, including macrophages and microglia, cytokines, and …

Diabetic retinopathy, characterized as a microangiopathy and neurodegenerative disease,
is the leading cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. Many clinical features …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. This
devastating disease is a leading cause of blindness in people of working age in …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common microvascular complication of diabetes
mellitus, is estimated to be the leading cause of new blindness in the working population of …

The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to be 336 million people, with diabetic
complications contributing to significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Diabetic …