When used as antenna elements, fractal tree structures can be designed to produce
multiband characteristics or to achieve miniaturization. Dipole antennas that use fractal tree …

This paper introduces a design methodology for miniature multiband as well as
reconfigurable (ie, tunable) antennas that exploits the self-similar branching structure of …

As part of an effort to further improve modern communication system technology,
researchers are studying different approaches for creating new and innovative antennas …

Fractal geometries have been used in science to mathematically define intriguing features
observed in nature, from describing the formation of clouds to coastlines to tree bark. It …

Fractal antenna engineering concepts have been successfully combined with genetic
algorithms to develop a powerful design optimization tool. The genetic optimization …

Antenna design is a very tricky problem. Common designs are sensitive to only a narrow
range of frequencies, and are not efficient if they are smaller that a quarter of the …

This paper presents a study of reconfigurable fractal antennas employing capacitance
variations in the fractal structure. The input characteristics of this kind of antenna can be …

A general procedure for the construction of new fractal multiband antennas has been
presented along with results for the pentagonal design. An increasing frequency ratio is …

We have used the fractal nature of the geometry in obtaining approximate design equations
for dipole antennas with Hilbert curve geometry. We have also reported that in the case of …

Fractal tree structures can be utilized to design antennas in order to enhance the
performance of the antenna, such as widening the working frequency band while reducing …