Microglia are highly dynamic immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglial
processes interact with neuronal elements constantly on the order of minutes. The functional …

Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain and spinal cord, and are important for
maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. It is well established that …

Neuropathic pain occurring after peripheral nerve injury is not simply a consequence of
temporal continuity of acute nociceptive signals, but rather of maladaptive nervous system …

Microglial cells are critical in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and several microglial
receptors have been proposed to mediate this process. Of these receptors, the P2Y12 …

Pain plays an indispensable role as an alarm system to protect us from dangers or injuries.
However, neuropathic pain, a debilitating pain condition caused by damage to the nervous …

Interleukin (IL)-18 is an important regulator of innate and acquired immune responses. Here
we show that both the IL-18 and IL-18 receptor (IL-18R), which are induced in spinal dorsal …

Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that often emerges as a clinical symptom of
inflammatory diseases. It has therefore been widely accepted that the immune system …

Current deficiency in our understanding of acute-to-chronic pain transition remains a hurdle
for developing effective treatments against chronic pain. Whereas neurocentric mechanisms …

Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic pain and represents a major clinical challenge.
The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying its development and maintenance are …

Neuropathic pain is a common and severely disabling state that affects millions of people
worldwide. Such pain can be experienced after nerve injury or as part of diseases that affect …