The three‐dimensional structure and the inhomogeneity of clouds pose a field of challenges.
The characterization of their spatial structure, their microphysical properties, and their …

We present a novel method for retrieving high‐resolution, three‐dimensional (3‐D)
nonprecipitating cloud fields in both overcast and broken‐cloud situations. The method uses …

Cloud development, the onset of precipitation and the effect of aerosol on clouds depend on
the structure of the cloud profiles of droplet size and phase. Aircraft measurements of cloud …

Using three cloud generators, three‐dimensional (3D) cloud fields are reproduced from
microphysical cloud data measured in situ by aircraft. The generated cloud fields are used …

Reflected solar radiances measured by the pushbroom cameras of the Multiangle Imaging
SpectroRadiometer (MISR) on the Terra satellite at nine viewing angles are combined to …

The cloud scanner sensor is a central part of a recently proposed satellite remote sensing
concept–the three-dimensional (3-D) cloud and aerosol interaction mission (CLAIM-3D) …

This study evaluates 3‐D cloud effects on the radiation budget with a combined use of active
sensor cloud profiling radar/CloudSat and imager Moderate Resolution Imaging …

This paper proposes a method for obtaining new information on three‐dimensional (3‐D)
radiative effects that arise from horizontal radiative interactions in heterogeneous clouds …

Clouds exhibit distinct horizontal inhomogeneities of their optical and microphysical
properties, which complicate their realistic representation in weather and climate models. In …

In this paper, we used cloud imagery from a NASA field experiment in conjunction with three-
dimensional radiative transfer calculations to show that cloud spatial structure manifests …