Background Several protein-bound uraemic toxins (PBUTs) have been associated with
cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) but the degree …

Background Uremic toxins are emerging as important, non-traditional cardiovascular risk
factors in chronic kidney disease (CKD). P-cresol has been defined as a prototype protein …

Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are predominantly excreted by renal tubular secretion
and hardly removed by traditional hemodialysis (HD). Accumulation of PBUTs is proposed to …

Background Indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are protein-bound uremic toxins
that increase in the sera of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and are not …

Background and Aims P-cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) were not only novel but
essential factors associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with …

Background. The protein-bound uraemic toxin p-cresol is associated with immunodeficiency
in haemodialysis (HD) patients. We investigated the effect of serum p-cresol, indoxyl …

Protein-bound uremic toxins (Indoxyl sulfate [IS] and p-cresyl sulfate [PCS]) are both
associated with cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality in subjects with chronic kidney …

Background and aims There is a growing body of evidence supporting the nephrovascular
toxicity of indoxyl sulphate (IS) and p-cresyl sulphate (PCS). Nonetheless, a comprehensive …

Background/Aims. Previous studies have reported p‐cresyl sulfate (PCS) was related to
endothelial dysfunction and adverse clinical effect. We investigate the adverse effects of …

The protein-bound uremic toxins para-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are
associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure, but the effect of different …