TEM observation of the growth process of helium nanobubbles on tungsten: Nanostructure formation mechanism

S Kajita, N Yoshida, R Yoshihara, N Ohno… - Journal of nuclear …, 2011 - Elsevier
In future fusion devices, helium irradiation to tungsten could lead to the formation of tungsten
nanostructure, which has both pros and cons as a plasma facing component. Although the …

Hydrogen bubble formation and evolution in tungsten under different hydrogen irradiation conditions

W Hu, F Luo, Z Shen, L Guo, Z Zheng, Y Wen… - Fusion Engineering and …, 2015 - Elsevier
In order to see how hydrogen is behaving in tungsten and to understand the way bubbles
form and grow up, specimens were irradiated by hydrogen ions from room temperature to …

[HTML][HTML] Effects of transition metal carbide dispersoids on helium bubble formation in dispersion-strengthened tungsten

A Saefan, X Liu, E Lang, L Higgins, Y Wang… - Scientific reports, 2023 - nature.com
The formation of helium bubbles and subsequent property degradation poses a significant
challenge to tungsten as a plasma-facing material in future long-pulse plasma-burning …

Growth mechanism of subsurface hydrogen cavities in tungsten exposed to low-energy high-flux hydrogen plasma

WQ Chen, XY Wang, YL Chiu, TW Morgan, WG Guo… - Acta Materialia, 2020 - Elsevier
Due to a lack of direct experimental results, the detailed mechanisms that govern the
blistering behavior of tungsten (W) exposed to ITER-relevant condition in nuclear fusion …

Investigation of hydrogen bubbles behavior in tungsten by high-flux hydrogen implantation

J Zhao, X Meng, X Guan, Q Wang, K Fang, X Xu… - Journal of Nuclear …, 2018 - Elsevier
Hydrogen isotopes retention and bubbles formation are critical issues for tungsten as
plasma-facing material in future fusion reactors. In this work, the formation and growing up …

Simulation of helium behavior near subsurface prismatic dislocation loops in tungsten

KD Hammond, F Ferroni, BD Wirth - Fusion Science and …, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
We analyze the effect of subsurface prismatic dislocation loops on the surface morphology
and helium clustering behavior of plasma-facing tungsten through the use of molecular …

Experimental mechanistic investigation of the nanostructuring of tungsten with low energy helium plasmas

P Fiflis, N Connolly, DN Ruzic - Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2016 - Elsevier
Helium ion bombardment of tungsten at temperatures between approximately one third and
one half of its melting point has shown growth of nanostructures colloquially referred to as …

Segregation and coalescence behavior of helium bubbles in tungsten

J Wang, D Liu, W Dang, Z Guo, W Song - Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2021 - Elsevier
We used molecular dynamics to study the segregation and coalescence of helium bubbles
in tungsten. We found that, similar to the case of tungsten surface, small mobile helium …

In-situ TEM investigation of nano-scale helium bubble evolution in tantalum-doped tungsten at 800° C

I Ipatova, G Greaves, S Pacheco-Gutiérrez… - Journal of Nuclear …, 2021 - Elsevier
The aim of this work is to probe the helium-induced defect production and accumulation in
40 keV He+ irradiated polycrystalline W and its alternative alloy W-5wt.% Ta using …

Structure of nanoscale gas bubbles in metals

A Caro, D Schwen, E Martinez - Applied Physics Letters, 2013 - pubs.aip.org
A usual way to estimate the amount of gas in a bubble inside a metal is to assume
thermodynamic equilibrium, ie, the gas pressure P equals the capillarity force 2 γ/R⁠, with γ …