Background: Orthodontic treatment induces a distortion of the extracellular matrix of the
periodontium, resulting in alterations in cytoskeletal configuration. Cytokines are known to …

Various types of inflammatory mediators are involved in the cascade of biological events
behind tissue remodeling allowing orthodontic tooth movement. This split-mouth longitudinal …

This review aimed to evaluate studies on cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)
during orthodontic treatment, summarizing the regulation patterns of the most commonly …

Objectives: Bone remodelling during orthodontic tooth movement is related to the
expression of mediators in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). No information is available …

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and monocyte chemoattractants are key modulators of
the biological mechanisms triggered in the periodontium by mechanical forces. The gingival …

This controlled longitudinal intervention study investigated changes in cytokines and
biomarkers of bone and tissue metabolism within gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from …

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to investigate the involvement of
immunocompetent cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines and HSP, to evaluate a change of …

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the various cytokines in human
gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and to investigate the changes in their levels during …

Metabolism by peptidases plays an important role in modulating the levels of biologically-
active neuropeptides, while that of substance P (SP), a component of gingival crevicular fluid …

Remodelling of the periodontium after application of mechanical forces constitutes the basis
of clinical orthodontics and various immunoregulatory molecules are involved in this …