As land-based mining industries face increasing complexities, eg, diminishing return on
investments, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions, governments are …

In 2017 the Japanese government reported that its state-owned mining company had
successfully extracted zinc from the seabed off the coast of Okinawa. This piloting of …

In the context of a global shift towards low-carbon energy systems, this paper provides an in-
depth analysis of deep-sea mining's (DSM) potential role in enhancing global energy …

This Review focuses on whether the emerging industry of deep-seabed mining aligns with
the sustainable development agenda. We cover motivations for deep-seabed mining …

Commercial deep sea mining (DSM) stands at a threshold as both national and global legal
regimes seek to move beyond exploration of the seabed towards its exploitation. As an …

In spite of a proliferation of academic and policy-oriented interest in deep sea mining (DSM),
this paper argues that two underlying questions remain underexplored. The first relates to …

Deep-sea mining is currently in a transitional phase between exploration and exploitation of
deep-sea mineral deposits that are projected as alternative source of metals to depleting …

Progress towards deep sea mining (DSM) is driven by projected demands for metals and the
desire for economic development. DSM remains controversial, with some political leaders …

Deep‐sea mining refers to the retrieval of marine mineral resources such as Mn nodules,
FeMn crusts, and seafloor massive sulfide deposits, which contain a variety of metals that …

Deep seabed mining lacks social legitimacy | npj Ocean Sustainability Skip to main content
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