Individual bumblebees were trained to choose between rewarded target flowers and non-
rewarded distractor flowers in a controlled illumination laboratory. Bees learnt to …

Differences in the concentration of pigments as well as their composition and spatial
arrangement cause intraspecific variation in the spectral signature of flowers. Known colour …

Flowers are often viewed by bee pollinators against a variety of different backgrounds. On
the Australian continent, backgrounds are very diverse and include surface examples of all …

The principal challenge faced by any color vision system is to contend with the inherent
ambiguity of stimulus information, which represents the interaction between multiple …

Free-flying bumblebees (Bombus terrestris Linnaeus 1758) were trained to visit
homogeneously coloured plastic stimuli in a controlled illumination laboratory, and then their …

The innate preferences of inexperienced bumble bees, Bombus terrestris, for floral colour
stimuli were studied using artificial flowers. The artificial flowers provided a colour pattern …

Flowers adapted for hummingbird pollination are typically red. This correlation is usually
explained by the assertion that nectar-or pollen-stealing bees are “blind” to red flowers …

Colour constancy is the perceptual phenomenon that the colour of an object appears largely
unchanged, even if the spectral composition of the illuminating light changes. Colour …

Model calculations are used to determine an optimal color coding system for identifying
flower colors, and to see whether flower colors are well suited for being encoded. It is shown …

Variability in flower colour of animal-pollinated plants is common and caused, inter alia, by
inter-individual differences in pigment concentrations. If and how pollinators, especially …