To satisfy future service demands, heterogeneous networks (HetNets) including 5G new
radio (NR), 4G long term evolution (LTE), and wireless local area network (WLAN) must …

With the explosive growth of mobile devices and subsequent traffic volume, densified
deployment of Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) coexisting with a variety of cells with …

Most existing handover decision system (HDS) designs are monolithic, resulting in high
computational cost and unbalance of overall network. A novel modular handover algorithm …

Heterogeneous networks allow the systems to switch network connections between different
types of access technology based on the network quality. However, frequent handovers …

Heterogeneous network convergence, as the current development trend of wireless
communication network systems, has attracted the attention and research of many experts …

Currently, the deployment of 4G wireless networks such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or
LTE-Advanced became a reality for different telecommunication operator's. This emergence …

The future fifth generation (5G) wireless communications support the ultra-dense networks
where deployments of a large number of small cells coexist with current 4G networks …

Denser deployment of 5G heterogeneous ultra-dense network (H-UDN) leads to more
frequent handovers, which causes higher cross-tier handover failure rate. Thus, the …

The vertical handover process is the most significant in the heterogeneous wireless
networks for fifth generation (5G). The main goal of 5G mobile communication systems is to …

At present, single wireless technology cannot meet all the demands of mobile users, and
owing to such requirements, like Quality of Service (QoS) provision, efficiency, mobility, and …