Introduction This study aims to determine whether subway ridership and built environmental
factors, such as population density and points of interests, are linked to the per capita COVID …

Abstract Using data from New York City from January 2020 to April 2020, we found an
estimated 28-day lag between the onset of reduced subway use and the end of the …

Previous research has explored the effect of the built environment on the spread of the
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This study extends the existing literature by …

Purpose This ecological analysis investigates the spatial patterns of the COVID‐19 epidemic
in the United States in relation to socioeconomic variables that characterize US counties …

We assessed the geographic variation in socio-demographics, mobility, and built
environmental factors in relation to COVID-19 testing, case, and death rates in New York …

Objective With an eye toward possible public policy implications, our objective is to identify
the socio-economic and demographic factors that drive the large variation in COVID-19 …

Introduction: The spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) across the United States
has highlighted the long-standing nationwide health inequalities with socioeconomically …

Although there is increasing awareness of disparities in COVID-19 infection risk among
vulnerable communities, the effect of behavioral interventions at the scale of individual …

Background Neighborhood characteristics have been linked to community incidence of
COVID-19, but the modifying effect of age has not been examined. Objective We adapted a …

Effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic via appropriate management of the built
environment is an urgent issue. This study develops a research framework to explore the …