Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

ABSTRACT Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the treatment of
patients and social stability. In the later stage of disease, some COVID-19 patients may …

Cytokine storm is a general term applied to maladaptive cytokine release in response to
infection and other stimuli. The pathogenesis is complex but includes loss of regulatory …

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
challenged medicine and health care on a global scale. Its impact and frightening mortality …

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a severe complication of inflammatory immune diseases
or treatment of malignancies; it may also appear during the progression of COVID-19. CSS …

COVID-19 infection has a heterogenous disease course; it may be asymptomatic or causes
only mild symptoms in the majority of the cases, while immunologic complications such as …

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has emerged in China in December 2019 …

Introduction The coronavirus pandemic has affected more than 20 million people so far.
Elevated cytokines and suppressed immune responses have been hypothesized to set off a …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a severe pandemic of the current century. The vicious …

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading all over the world.
Excessive immune responses trigger life-threatening cytokine release syndrome (CRS) …