The quantification and characterization of circulating immune cells provide key indicators of
human health and disease. To identify the relative effects of environmental and genetic …

In genetic studies of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, one clear finding that has
emerged from genome-wide association studies is that a substantial fraction of variation …

Generation of biologic diversity is a cornerstone of immunity, yet the tools to investigate the
causal influence of genetic and environmental factors have been greatly limited. Studies …

For most of its history, immunology has sought to control environmental variation to establish
genetic causality. As with all biological traits though, variation among individuals arises by …

Immune responses in human populations are highly variable, with this variability presenting
challenges for vaccine design. As such a better understanding of the factors that determine …

We report on the influence of~ 22 million variants on 731 immune cell traits in a cohort of
3,757 Sardinians. We detected 122 significant (P< 1.28× 10− 11) independent association …

Advances in human genomics, when validated functionally, can lead to new insights into
how the immune system works. Notably, previously unknown mechanisms revealed by …

The ancient biological'arms race'between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped
genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing …

Genome-wide strategies have driven the discovery of more than 300 susceptibility loci for
autoimmune diseases. However, for almost all loci, understanding of the mechanisms …

Our immune systems constantly coevolve with the pathogens that challenge them, as
pathogens adapt to evade our defense responses, with our immune repertoires shifting in …