A key risk with autonomous systems (AS) is the trustworthiness of the decision-making and
control mechanisms that replace human control. To be trustworthy, systems need to remain …

In any safety engineering effort, deriving safety requirements is a key activity. Doing this for
autonomous systems (AS) is challenging. However, several existing techniques can be …

Autonomous and unmanned ships are approaching reality. One of several unsolved
challenges related to these systems is how to perform safety verification. Although this …

The demand for risk and safety analysis is becoming greater due to the increased
complexity of modern systems such as autonomous ships. Safety is one of the main …

Many safety‐related systems are evolving into cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), integrating
information technologies in their control architectures and modifying the interactions among …

The process applied for verification of maritime systems lacks the ability to properly examine
complex networks of interconnections. Verification is mainly focused on single failures of …

While a system-theoretic approach to the safety analysis of innovative socio-technical
systems gains a growing acceptance among academia, safety issues of Maritime …

As the initiatives to develop and implement autonomous merchant vessels into the global
shipping industry are gaining momentum, their safety remains in the spotlight. It is argued …

Unmanned merchant vessels' prototypes are expected to come into operation within a few
years. This revolutionary shift in the shipping industry is feared to negatively impact the …

The autonomous ship carrying valuable cargoes and passengers in a more effective and
cost-saving manner will soon be state of the art technology, which most likely shall be …