Highlights•TNBCs is one of the most heterogenous form of breast cancer appear to have
elevated numbers of immune cells infiltration.•Using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to durable clinical remissions in many
metastatic cancers. However, the single-agent efficacy of ICIs in breast cancer is low …

The development of immunotherapy agents has revolutionized the field of oncology. The
only FDA-approved immunotherapeutic approach in breast cancer consists of immune …

Simple Summary For decades, countless efforts have been devoted to developing targeted
drugs to improve the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Among the novel …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of clinically significant
levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth …

Immunotherapy has emerged as the fifth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery,
radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the highest-risk subtypes of
breast cancer and has dismal prognosis. Local recurrence rate after standard therapy in the …

Introduction Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, including TNBC, which
has limited options of treatment and poor prognosis. ICIs studied in TNBC include …

Advances in cancer immunotherapy and a growing body of research have focused on the
role of the antitumor response in breast cancer. Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the …

Breast cancer has historically been a disease for which immunotherapy was largely
unavailable. Recently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with …