years later, data were published3 showing that definite justification for permanent
pacemaker implantation was present in medical records 50% of the time, and justification …

(1) Changes in recommendations and levels of evidence were made either because of new
randomized trials or because of the accumulation of new clinical evidence and the …

IN 1990, THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE PROPOSED GUIDE-line development to reduce
inappropriate health care variation by assisting patient and practitioner decisions. 1 …

The publication of major studies dealing with the natural history of bradyarrhythmias and
tachyarrhythmias and major advances in the technology of pacemakers and implantable …

This is a revision of the 1984 Guidelines for Permanent Cardiac Pacemaker Implantation (l,
2). The Joint Subcommittee of the American College of Cardiology and American Heart …

The publication of consensus group guidelines provides an opportunity to standardize
practices through evidence-based protocols. Variations in patient care have been shown to …

Adherence to evidence-based interventions for hospitalized cardiovascular disease patients
is not optimal. This study assesses the impact of a national quality improvement program on …

This document was reviewed by the officers and other responsible individuals of the two
organizations and received final approval in March 1991. It is being published …

Summary...... 929 1.6. Efficacy of Antiarrhythmic Therapy...... 929 1.7. Assessment of
Pacemaker and ICD Function...... 931 1.8. Monitoring for Myocardial Ischemia...... 932 1.8. 1 …

The" gold standard" for assessing the accuracy of noninvasive cardicc imaging techniques
for more than 2 decades has been contrast angiocardiography. In recent years investigators …