Abstract The coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has turned into a global catastrophe and
there is an intense search for effective drug therapy. Of all the potential therapies …

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is having serious consequences on …

Drugs that are specifically efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 have yet to be established.
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have garnered considerable attention for their …

Hydroxychloroquine, initially used as an antimalarial, is used as an immunomodulatory and
anti-inflammatory agent for the management of autoimmune and rheumatic diseases such …

OBJECTIVE: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
also called COVID-19, has caused a pandemic which has swiftly involved the entire world …

There are currently no proven or approved treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐
19). Early anecdotal reports and limited in vitro data led to the significant uptake of …

Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are medications that have been used for a long time.
Their most common use is for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria. However, these …

In December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) that began in
China had infected so far more than 109,217,366 million individuals worldwide and …

Background On the 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that
COVID-19 was a pandemic. To date, there are no medical treatments for COVID-19 with …

There is a long trail of research studies testing the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of chloroquine
and its derivatives in treating and preventing infection by various coronavirus species. More …