The hop distance strategy in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has a major impact on
energy consumption of each sensor mote. Long-hop routing minimizes reception cost …

In this paper, we primary focus on prolonging the network lifetime of Wireless Sensor
Networks (WSN), since the small, portable batteries integrated into the sensor chips can not …

Energy-efficient forwarding becomes important if resources and battery lifetime are limited
such as in wireless sensor networks. Although widely used, simple hop-based forwarding …

In this paper, the authors exposes the problems in LEACH when the network is in a large
scope, a new Routing Protocol named LEACH-L is designed. The results of experiments …

Wireless sensor networks are set of thousands or more micro sensor nodes that one of the
most important constraints of them is energy consumption of these sensor nodes. Since …

Energy efficiency, low latency, scalability are important requirements for wireless sensor
networks. Specially, because sensor nodes are usually battery powered, and highly …

Since the nodes of wireless sensor networks are in the condition of a highly-limited and
unreplenishable energy resource such as battery power, computation, and storage space …

In the last few years, wireless sensor networks have gained a lot of interest in the research
field. WSNs consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications …

Energy balance is an important performance index in the design of routing algorithm for
wireless sensor networks. A swarm intelligence optimization based routing algorithm for …

Energy efficiency is a key issue in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Several directions
have been explored to maximize network lifetime, among them energy efficient routing. In …