Virtual currencies are online payment systems that may function as real currencies but are
not issued or backed by central governments. As demonstrated by recent events, virtual …

This Article investigates an increasingly important yet under-developed body of law:
regulation of virtual currency. At its peak in March of 2014, the daily volume of Bitcoin …

On September 2, 2012, less than ten weeks before the general election of the forty-fifth
president of the United States, an anonymous person posted a message on Pastebin. com …

Abstract During 2013, the US Treasury Department evoked the first use of the 2001 Patriot
Act to exclude virtual currency provider Liberty Reserve from the US financial system. This …

Decentralized cryptocurrencies are a new type of technology that can be used in several
applications, such as transferring money, recording data, and investing. Unlike most …

At less than a decade old, Bitcoin and other virtual currencies have had a major societal
impact, and proven to be a unique payment systems challenge for law enforcement …

Investors piled into cryptocurrencies' in 2017, 2 fueling a surge in cryptocurrency prices. 3
The price of Bitcoin, the most well-known cryptocurrency, increased over 1,000% in 2017.4 …

The buzz surrounding Bitcoin has reached a fever pitch. Yet in academic legal discussions,
disproportionate emphasis is placed on bitcoins (that is, virtual currency), and little mention …

Bitcoin is a virtual cryptocurrency growing rapidly in influence throughout the world.
Numerous characteristics associated with the bitcoin system, including low transaction costs …

The origin of modern virtual currencies is associated with the development of multiplayer
online games and the" worlds" they create. The advent of synthetic or virtual" worlds" dates …