OBJECTIVE: Data from the United States indicate pronounced and persistent racial/ethnic
differences in the rates at which children are referred and substantiated as victims of child …

Introduction Official statistics have confirmed that relative to their presence in the population
and relative to white children, black children have consistently higher rates of contact with …

There are documented disparities in the rates at which black children come into contact with
the child welfare system in the United States compared to white children. A great deal of …

This article provides county-level estimates of the cumulative prevalence of four levels of
Child Protective Services (CPS) contact using administrative data from the 20 most populous …

OBJECTIVE: Cases of child abuse and neglect that involve black children are reported to
and substantiated by public child welfare agencies at a rate approximately twice that of …

We used National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and Census data to examine Black–
White and Hispanic–White disparities in reporting, substantiation, and out-of-home …

Using a national sample of 1461 child protective services (CPS) investigations in the United
States, we examine differences between black and white families with regard to caseworker …

Objective: In the United States, over 6 million children were referred to child protective
services in 2012. Black children are overrepresented among children investigated for child …

The current study investigates the role of race and county characteristics in substantiation
and out-of-home placement decisions in the United States. Using multilevel models, we …

Child protective services (CPS) contact occurs at substantially higher rates among Black
than White families. The present study considers systemic racism as a central driver of this …