The centrifuge modeling of the impact dynamics of high-speed granular flows is important for
understanding debris–barrier interactions. However, it remains challenging owing to the …

The impact behavior of superspeed granular flows is not sufficiently understood, although it
is the basis for establishing an impact model, which is important in barrier design. Centrifuge …

Earth surface flows in nature, like debris flows and rock avalanches, have threatened
people's safety and infrastructure during past decades. Though grain size distribution (GSD) …

Both the solid and fluid phases in a debris flow vitally influence the impact dynamics against
a rigid barrier. However, previous numerical and analytical models commonly adopt an …

The peak pressure of a granular debris flow at low Froude conditions can be calculated with
knowledge of the stress anisotropy and the bulk density as well as the run-up height at …

Granular impact—the dynamic intrusion of solid objects into granular media—is widespread
across scientific and engineering applications including geotechnics. Existing approaches to …

The impact angle is an important but understudied factor that exerts a significant control on
the propagation of granular flows. To investigate the influence of the impact angle on the …

Slit dam is an open-check barrier structure widely used in mountainous regions to resist the
destructive impacts of granular flows. To examine the dynamics of granular flow impact on …

Discrete element method (DEM) is widely used to simulate particle crushing, and the
simulation results are further utilized for devising constitutive models for soils and rocks …

Granular flows, such as rock avalanches and debris flows, are gravity-driven and often hit
engineering structures that are placed in their paths, generating dynamic impact pressures …