Vascular inflammation is involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, and is
also present in hypertension-and diabetes-induced vascular complications. Angiotensin II …

Abstract Angiotensin II (Ang II) increases adhesion molecules, cytokines and chemokines
and exerts a proinflammatory effect on leucocytes, endothelial cells and vascular smooth …

Angiotensin II (AngII), the major effector peptide of renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is now
recognized as a growth factor that regulates cell growth and fibrosis, besides being a …

Angiotensin-II, a product of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) action, regulates vascular
tone, stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activates NFkappaB, increases …

Pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic process is deemed as multi-factorial, and characterized
by chronic inflammatory response. Although hypertension is known to be one of the most …

Angiotensin (Ang) II, the main effector of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is one of the
major mediators of vascular remodeling in hypertension. Besides being a potent vasoactive …

Vascular injury, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, structural remodelling,
inflammation and fibrosis, plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Cellular …

Abstract Purpose of Review Mechanisms facilitating progression of hypertension via cross
stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and inflammation have been proposed …

It is now well established that vascular inflammation is an independent risk factor for the
development of atherosclerosis. In otherwise healthy patients, chronic elevations of …

Angiotensin II (Ang II) upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and activates
vascular inflammation. However, the decisive role of VEGF in Ang II–induced vascular …