This article presents political religion as a concept for studying Communism, Fascism and
National Socialism, which display significant elements of traditional religion, such as rites of …

The thesis here is that the concept of political religion (PR) is useful as a heuristic device or
model to explore certain unique features of modern secular revolutionary and/or ultra …

This article explores the ways in which theories of political religion can contribute to our
understanding of the totalitarian regimes of the twentieth century, and not least to the …

In this paper, I test the analytical value and pertinence of the concept of political religion with
respect to National Socialism in three steps:(1) I point out the religious' elements in the area …

When a phenomenon arises for which existing notions are no longer adequate, a new
concept may simultaneously emerge from several sources. It also happens, albeit less …

Religion has been central to the formation of many European national identities: Poland,
Ireland, Greece, England, and others. In the New World, Protestantism played a vital part in …

One of the major consequences of the rise of democracy at the end of the eighteenth century
has been that popular consent has become a necessary factor in obtaining political …

Civil religion has proven to be a religion that we cannot live without. It remains a persistent
feature of most modern liberal societies, despite the apparent progress of religious …

This essay has a number of purposes. It assesses the contribution of the reformed strand of
Christianity to the rise of liberal democracy. Insofar as it is persuasive, it illustrates the …

With the dramatic collapse of atheistic socialism at the end of the 1980s, it was widely
assumed that religious freedom would immediately spread throughout Central and Eastern …