METHODS: This retrospective chart review was conducted at a pediatric hospital-associated
transgender health clinic. The primary outcome was incidence of arterial or venous …

OBJECTIVES Guidelines for monitoring of medications frequently used in the gender-
affirming care of transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents are based on studies …

The medical care of transgender patients relies on the use of sex hormones to develop and
maintain the physical characteristics consistent with gender identity as the first step in …

Purpose: Given evidence from cisgender patients that sex hormones can impact risk for
some forms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are concerns regarding CVD among …

Background The transgender population that uses gender‐affirming hormone therapy
(GAHT) is rapidly growing. The (side) effects of GAHT are largely unknown. We examined …

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential risk of estrogen therapy.
However, data show an improvement in the quality of life for transgender people who use …

Gender-affirming hormonal therapies are a critical component of the care of transgender
individuals. Transgender people are commonly prescribed estrogen or testosterone to …

Background Feminizing and masculinizing hormone treatments are established components
of management in transgender patients. Exogenous hormones have been associated with …

Clinicians of all disciplines, including pediatric endocrinologists, are likely to encounter
transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) young people in their practice regardless of whether …

Introduction Some providers report concern for the safety of transgender hormone therapy
(HT). Methods This is a systematic literature review of HT safety for transgender adults …