The composition of Jupiter and the primordial distribution of the heavy elements are
determined by its formation history. As a result, in order to constrain the primordial internal …

Recent formation and structure models of Jupiter suggest that the planet can have
composition gradients and not be fully convective (adiabatic). This possibility directly affects …

Giant planets are thought to have cores in their deep interiors, and the division into a heavy-
element core and hydrogen–helium envelope is applied in both formation and structure …

Context. Heavy elements, even though they are a smaller constituent, are crucial to
understand the formation history of Jupiter. Interior models are used to determine the …

Context. The Juno mission has provided measurements of Jupiter's gravity field with an
outstanding level of accuracy, leading to better constraints on the interior of the planet …

Context. The Juno spacecraft has significantly improved the accuracy of low-order even
gravitational harmonics. It has been demonstrated that a dilute core is helpful to interpret …

The Juno mission has revolutionized and challenged our understanding of Jupiter. As Juno
transitioned into its extended mission, we review the major findings of Jupiter's internal …

Context. While Jupiter's massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the
key to understanding Jupiter's formation and evolution lies in the distribution of the …

Aims. The goal of this work is to investigate Jupiter's growth by focusing on the amount of
heavy elements accreted by the planet, and to compare this with recent structure models of …

Jupiter's atmosphere is enriched with heavy elements by a factor of about 3 compared to a
protosolar composition. The origin of this enrichment and whether it represents the bulk …