Harnessing the immune system to overcome cytokine storm and reduce viral load in COVID-19: a review of the phases of illness and therapeutic agents

S Khadke, N Ahmed, N Ahmed, R Ratts, S Raju… - Virology journal, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously named 2019-nCov), a novel …

Immune dysfunction leads to mortality and organ injury in patients with COVID-19 in China: insights from ERS-COVID-19 study

D Li, Y Chen, H Liu, Y Jia, F Li, W Wang, J Wu… - … and Targeted Therapy, 2020 - nature.com
A series of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since the end of 2019 is ongoing and triggering a …

Storm at the time of corona: a glimpse at the current understanding and therapeutic opportunities of the SARS-CoV-2 cytokine storm

M Torabi-Rahvar, N Rezaei - Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2021 - ingentaconnect.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may lead to severe
disease in some cases, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-organ failure …

Cytokine storm is the cryptic killer behind coronavirus disease-2019 infections, review of the current evidence to identify therapeutic options

D Alrahmany, IM Ghazi - Reviews and Research in Medical …, 2021 - journals.lww.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(coronavirus disease 2019)
is currently a rapidly disseminating viral infection that turned into a global pandemic with …

[HTML][HTML] Update on immunology of COVID-19 disease and potential strategy for controlling

NK Dezfuli, IM Adcock, N Montazami, E Mortaz… - Tanaffos, 2020 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel form of the coronavirus
that caused severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). SARS-CoV-2 raised in China and …

Advances in the research of mechanism and related immunotherapy on the cytokine storm induced by coronavirus disease 2019

C Chen, XR Zhang, ZY Ju, WF He - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi …, 2020 - europepmc.org
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and
social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute …

Cytokine storm in COVID-19—immunopathological mechanisms, clinical considerations, and therapeutic approaches: the REPROGRAM consortium position paper

S Bhaskar, A Sinha, M Banach, S Mittoo… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Cytokine storm is an acute hyperinflammatory response that may be responsible for critical
illness in many conditions including viral infections, cancer, sepsis, and multi-organ failure …

COVID-19: multiorgan dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 is driven by pulmonary factors

A Odilov, A Volkov, A Abdullaev, T Gasanova, T Lipina… - Viruses, 2021 - mdpi.com
Multi-organ failure is one of the common causes of fatal outcome in COVID-19 patients.
However, the pathogenetic association of the SARS-CoV-2 viral load (VL) level with fatal …

Complex immune deregulation in severe COVID-19: More than a mechanism of pathogenesis

EJ Giamarellos-Bourboulis - EBioMedicine, 2021 - thelancet.com
The generated impression early at the beginning of the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 (also
called COVID-19) was that severe COVID-19 is due to a cytokine storm with the over …

Lung under attack by COVID-19-induced cytokine storm: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications

C Pelaia, C Tinello, A Vatrella… - Therapeutic …, 2020 - journals.sagepub.com
The lung is a key target of the cytokine storm that can be triggered by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the widespread clinical …