Background Biased sex ratios are common among dioecious plant species despite the
theoretical prediction of selective advantage of even sex ratios. Albeit the high prevalence of …

Most eukaryotes reproduce sexually and a wealth of different sex determination
mechanisms have evolved in this lineage. Dioecy or separate sexes are rare among …

Sex chromosome turnover has occurred in many groups, and is mediated by the
translocation or duplication of apical sex-determining genes, or the replacement of original …

The development of non-recombining sex chromosomes has radical effects on the evolution
of discrete sexes and sexual dimorphism. Although dioecy is rare in plants, sex …

Background Salicaceae species have diverse sex determination systems and frequent sex
chromosome turnovers. However, compared with poplars, the diversity of sex determination …

Biased sex ratios among reproductive individuals are common in plants, but the underlying
mechanisms, as well as the evolutionary consequences, are not well understood. The …

Key message This review gives a comprehensive overview on the genomics of sex
determination in dioecious woody plants and plants with a tree-like habitus, in particular …

Dioecious plant species commonly exhibit deviations from the equilibrium expectation of 1: 1
sex ratio, but the mechanisms governing this variation are poorly understood. Here, we use …

Sex chromosomes can evolve when recombination is halted between a pair of
chromosomes, and this can lead to degeneration of the sex-limited chromosome. In the early …

Dioecy, the presence of separate sexes on distinct individuals, has evolved repeatedly in
multiple plant lineages. However, the specific mechanisms by which sex systems evolve and …