The authors examined patterns of racial socialization practices in a sample of 212 African
American mothers. They investigated the relation between parent profiles of racial …

This study explores racial socialization messages used by African American parents,
specific messages according to the gender of children, and the relationship between racial …

Objective: To develop a measure of parental racial–ethnic socialization that is appropriate
for Asian American families. Method: To test the reliability and validity of this new measure …

Recently, there has been an emergence of literature on the mechanisms through which
parents transmit information, values, and perspectives about ethnicity and race to their …

This study examines racial socialization practices among White American parents (N= 154)
of children aged 8 to 12 years, using both quantitative and qualitative measures, as well as …

Over the past 35 years, ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) has been a widely studied topic in
psychological and cultural research. Most popular among the populations that ERS research …

Self report and observational data on racial socialization practices in a sample of 218
African American parents of young children were used to determine whether or not parents …

The present study focused on the content and practice of racial socialization by black
parents. Sociodemographic correlates of patterns of racial socialization were examined …

This study examined racial socialization processes among 94 African American parents of
third‐, fourth‐, and fifth‐grade children as they were predicted by children's ethnic identity …

This study examined various parental racial socialization messages as mediators between
school‐based racial discrimination and racial identity formation over 4 years for African …