This study examined whether the inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL-1β) and β-
glucuronidase (βG) are present in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of children undergoing …

During orthodontic tooth movement, mechanical stresses induce inflammatory reactions in
the periodontal ligament (PDL). We hypothesized that chemokines released from PDL cells …

During application of controlled orthodontic force on teeth, remodeling of the periodontal
ligament (PDL) and the alveolar bone takes place. Orthodontic forces induce a multifaceted …

Orthodontic forces are known to produce mechanical damage and inflammatory reactions in
the periodontium, as well as cell damage, inflammatory changes, and circulatory …

This randomized split-mouth study was aimed at evaluating whether an orthodontic
appliance per se or orthodontic tooth movement can induce detectable changes in gingival …

Orthodontic forces are known to produce mechanical damage and inflammatory reactions in
the periodontium and dental pulp, as well as inflammatory mediators, eg prostaglandins …

Tooth movement by orthodontic treatment is characterized by remodeling changes in the
periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingiva. A reflection of these phenomenons can be …

The objective of the present investigation was to study the experience of pain after
placement of orthodontic elastic separators and the possible associations with the gingival …

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α), are believed to play a role in the biological processes involved in the course of …