Résumé This CSA Country Profile describes the risks posed by climate change to
agriculture in Indonesia, discusses the potential of CSA to attenuate those risks, identifies …

Agriculture is exposed to climate change. This is particularly the case for developing
countries like Nigeria, which suffer from persistent food insecurity today while also facing …

Agriculture in Pakistan is adversely affected by frequent climate variability and long-term
climate change. Pakistan is ranked at the top-ten among the most climate vulnerable …

Abstract Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an integrative approach of increasing
productivity, enhancing resilience, and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. The study …

Background Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in
order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate …

Sugar is one of Indonesia's strategic commodities, but its production fluctuates over time and
is still unable to comply with the national sugar demand. This condition may even get worst …

Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a global strategy for enhancing food productivity amidst
climate change uncertainties in the 21st century. CSA improves farmers' incomes, reduces …

Agriculture is one of the most crucial instruments in eradicating hunger, poverty, and various
kinds of malnutrition. However, climate change will be an effective barrier to agricultural …

1.1 Background The hazards and associated risks of changing global climate are not
abating (IPCC, 2014). In this context, and as is well acknowledged, agricultural activities in …

As countries around the world face urgent agricultural challenges, the concept of 'climate-
smart'agriculture (CSA) has been put forward to achieve climate change adaptation …