This review aimed to summarize the epidemiology (incidence, prevalence and morality) and
risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory …

IBD, comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic immunologically
mediated disease at the intersection of complex interactions between genetics, environment …

OBJECTIVES: Extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are
relatively common, whereas the risk of extra-intestinal cancer (EIC) remains uncertain. The …

The health impacts of air pollution have received much attention and have recently been
subject to extensive study. Exposure to air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) has …

Importance Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn disease and ulcerative
colitis, are chronic relapsing conditions that affect a growing number of children worldwide …

Background The aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not known but is likely to
involve a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental risk factors. Smoking has …

Background & Aims To summarize the epidemiologic evidence and assess the validity of
claimed associations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) with overall and site-specific …

Background: Previous studies indicated that air pollution plausibly increases the risk of
adverse outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via proinflammatory mechanisms …

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are inflammatory bowel
diseases (IBD) of unknown aetiology. The 'hygiene hypothesis'(HH) suggests that several …

Background Various environmental risk factors have been associated with the pathogenesis
of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study we aimed to identify lifestyle factors that affect …