The first, to our knowledge, miniature dual-axes confocal microscope has been developed,
with an outer diameter of 10 mm, for subsurface imaging of biological tissues with 5-7 μm …

We present a handheld dual-axes confocal microscope that is based on a two-dimensional
microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner. It performs reflectance and fluorescence …

We present a dual-axes confocal microscope that employs postobjective scanning and low-
coherence heterodyne detection to collect vertical cross-sectional images from biological …

We demonstrate a fast miniature microelectro-mechanical-system-based near-infrared
fluorescence dual-axis confocal microscope in a 10-mm-diameter package for 3-D imaging …

There is a need for miniature optical-sectioning microscopes to enable in vivo interrogation
of tissues as a real-time and noninvasive alternative to gold-standard histopathology. Such …

We present a novel confocal microscope that has dual-axis architecture and biaxial
postobjective scanning for the collection of fluorescence images from biological specimens …

A handheld line-scanned dual-axis confocal (LS-DAC) microscope has been developed for
high-speed (16 frames/s) fluorescence imaging of tissues with sub-nuclear resolution. This …

We present a miniature micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based dual-axis
confocal microscope capable of spatially co-registered fluorescence imaging at multiple …

This paper presents the use and characterization of an electrically focus tunable lens to
perform axial scanning in a confocal microscope. Lateral and axial resolution are …

We introduce a handheld single-fiber laser-scanning confocal microscope, incorporating a
high-reflectivity two-axis silicon vertical combdrive microscanner, aimed at in vivo early …