The advent of vaccination and improved hygiene have eliminated many of the deadly
infectious pathogens in developed nations. However, the incidences of inflammatory …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are
lifelong chronic disorders arising from interactions among genetic, immunological and …

The gastrointestinal tract houses a complex and diverse community of microbes. In recent
years, an increased understanding of the importance of intestinal microbiota for human …

Co-evolution with an extremely complex commensal enteric microbiota has helped shape
mammalian mucosal immune responses. A yet incompletely defined subset of intestinal …

Mucosal surfaces are colonized by a complex microbiota that provides beneficial functions
under normal physiological conditions, but is capable of contributing to chronic inflammatory …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and
pouchitis, are chronic, relapsing intestinal inflammatory disorders mediated by dysregulated …

The intestinal microbiota has long been known to play an important role in the maintenance
of health. In addition, alterations of the intestinal microbiota have recently been associated …

The intestines harbor over trillions of commensal bacteria, which co-evolve and form a
mutualistic relationship with the host, with microbial-host interaction shaping immune …

The last 15 years have witnessed the emergence of a new field of research that focuses on
the roles played by the intestinal microbiota in health and disease. This research field has …

During the last 20 years, a new field of research delineating the importance of the microbiota
in health and diseases has emerged. Inappropriate host-microbiota interactions have been …