Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of
coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), an ongoing global public health emergency. Despite …

Current parenteral coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines inadequately protect
against infection of the upper respiratory tract. Additionally, antibodies generated by wild …

With the persistence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the emergence of novel variants, the
development of novel vaccine formulations with enhanced immunogenicity profiles could …

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues and new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern emerge,
the adaptive immunity initially induced by the first-generation COVID-19 vaccines wains and …

Most COVID-19 vaccine trials have focused on recipient protection, not protection of their
contacts, a critical need. As a subunit intranasal COVID-19 vaccine reduced …

Immunization programs against SARS-CoV-2 with commercial intramuscular (IM) vaccines
prevent disease but not infections. The continued evolution of variants of concern (VOC) like …

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces robust humoral and cellular immunity in the
circulation; however, it is currently unknown whether it elicits effective immune responses in …

Waning immunity and continued virus evolution have limited the durability of protection from
symptomatic infection mediated by intramuscularly (IM)-delivered mRNA vaccines against …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for
effective prophylactic vaccination to prevent the spread of severe acute respiratory …

Effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are urgently needed. Although most vaccine strategies have
focused on systemic immunization, here we compared the protective efficacy of 2 …