Brown adipose tissue expends energy in the form of heat via the mitochondrial uncoupling
protein UCP1. Recent studies showed that brown adipose tissue is present in adult humans …

Apelin is an adipokine secreted by adipocytes. Co-expression of apelin and apelin receptor
(APJ) in adipocytes implies the autocrine regulations of apelin on adipocyte functions …

The release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from adipocytes (ie lipolysis) is increased in obesity
and is a contributory factor to the development of insulin resistance. A recently identified …

We have recently identified apelin as a novel adipokine up‐regulated by insulin and obesity.
Since obesity and insulin resistance are associated with chronically elevated levels of both …

The results presented herein demonstrate that apelin is expressed and secreted by both
human and mouse adipocytes. Apelin mRNA levels in isolated adipocytes are close to other …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common type of diabetes and considered as multifactorial
disease. Apelin is an adipokine which secreted from white adipose tissue and involved in …

This paper focuses on the contribution of apelin in obesity associated regulations/
dysregulations. The conclusions are summarized as follows:(i) apelin is produced by fat …

Apelin is a peptide known as the ligand of the G-protein-coupled receptor APJ. Several
active apelin forms exist such as apelin-36, apelin-17, apelin-13, and the pyroglutamated …

Adipose tissue (AT) secretes several adipokines that influence insulin sensitivity and
potentially link obesity to insulin resistance. Apelin, a peptide present in different tissues, is …

Insulin resistance is a main feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several
mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance have been proposed. Adipose tissue …