Testosterone supplementation is commonly used for its effects on sexual function, bone
health and body composition, yet its effects on disease outcomes are unknown. To better …

Testosterone concentrations in men are associated with cardiovascular morbidity,
osteoporosis, and mortality and are affected by age, smoking, and obesity. Because of …

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved ducts, one of which can form the
uterus and Fallopian tubes, and the other the male internal genital plumbing: the …

Testosterone products are prescribed to males for a variety of possible health benefits, but
causal effects are unclear. Evidence from randomized trials are difficult to obtain, particularly …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has an apparent sex disparity, with a more rapid
progress in men than in women. Whether the well-established sex-specific evolutionary …

Testosterone is an essential hormone for women, with physiological actions mediated
directly or via aromatisation to oestradiol throughout the body. Despite the crucial role of …

Sex differences have been shown in laboratory biomarkers; however, the extent to which
this is due to genetics is unknown. In this study, we infer sex-specific genetic parameters …

Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between
individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes …

Context Obesity in men is associated with low serum testosterone and both are associated
with several diseases and increased mortality. Objectives Examine the direction and …

As men age, testosterone levels decline, and decreased testosterone levels are associated
with increased risks of osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and …