Gram-negative pathogens ubiquitously shed outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that play a
central role in initiating and regulating pathogenesis in the host. Due to their highly …

Gram‐negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as part of their normal
growth that contain a range of cargo from their parent bacterium, including DNA, RNA, and …

Bacteria shed a diverse set of outer membrane vesicles that function as transport vehicles to
deliver effector molecules and virulence factors to host cells. Helicobacter pylori is a gastric …

Persistent infections with the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been
closely associated with the induction and progression of a wide range of gastric disorders …

The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori causes a spectrum of gastro‐duodenal diseases,
which may be mediated in part by the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) constitutively shed …

Helicobacter pylori infection, which is always associated with gastritis, can progress to
ulceration or malignancy. The diversity in clinical outcomes is partly attributed to the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles important in intercellular
communication that play an essential role in host-pathogen interactions, spreading …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are an emerging research field due to their multifactorial
composition and involvement in interspecies and intraspecies communication. Recent …

As the trend of antibiotic resistance has increased, prevention and treatment of Helicobacter
pylori infection have been challenged by the fact that no vaccines preventing H. pylori …

Background Multiple studies have established the importance of the tol‐pal gene cluster in
bacterial cell membrane integrity and outer membrane vesicle (OMV) formation in …