At present, the pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) has not
been fully elucidated. Clinical and experimental findings from studies investigating COVID …

Simple Summary Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is
responsible for the pandemic coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which can lead to …

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, not encountered before by humans. The wide spectrum
of clinical expression of SARS-CoV-2 illness suggests that individual immune responses to …

An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of
immunity. Knowledge about this interplay can not only help us identify biological …

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory disease induced by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It remains poorly understood how …

The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic (COVID-19), which appeared in China in December
2019 and rapidly spread throughout the world, has forced clinicians and scientists to take up …

The spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the increasing mortality rates of COVID-19 create an urgent
need for treatments, which are currently lacking. Although vaccines have been approved by …

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by a positive sense single-
stranded RNA (ssRNA) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease characterized by a profound
dysregulation of the innate immune system. This knowledge has emerged from the large …

The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerging virus causing a human pandemic. A great
variety of symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease, ranging from mild to severe …